The Iron Age, known as the Israelite period, spans from 1200 BCE to 586 BCE and is divided into two phases:
**Iron Age I (1200–1000 BCE)** marks the decline of Canaanite culture and the rise of the Tribes of Israel, the Philistines, and the Sea Peoples.
**Iron Age II (1000–586 BCE)** begins with the United Monarchy under Kings David and Solomon, later splitting into the kingdoms of Israel and Judah. This period features the rise of significant kingdoms like Tyre, Sidon, and Edom, alongside the powerful empires of Assyria and Babylon.
The Assyrian kings Shalmaneser V and Sargon II destroyed the Kingdom of Israel in 722 BCE. The Kingdom of Judah fell in 586 BCE when Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, destroyed the First Temple.
